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Risk Management 3

Assignment 1

QUESTIONS ONE AND TWO ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING CASE STUDY:

 

A risk and cost management analysis for changes during the construction phase of a project

 

One of the primary ways in which value is generated in modern societies, is through projects that create physical assets, such as factories, commercial buildings, hospitals, schools and highways, which can then be exploited to social and economic ends.

 

Most of these assets are created through construction projects, and as the size and complexity of these projects increase, a more intensive level of project management is required to successfully meet the expectations of time, cost and quality.

 

However, managing a construction project is difficult in that all the relevant information is not always available at the initial stage of the project to plan and design the project accurately and make the best possible decisions.

 

As information becomes available during the construction phase of the project, it can lead to various changes, which can in turn affect productivity, planned schedules, deadlines, work methodology, resource procurement and budget, all of which could result in the project objectives not being achieved. Design errors or variations, unforeseen site conditions and vagueness in the original scope are merely some of the reasons for change.

 

It is expected of a project manager to effectively manage the cost, time and risk impacts of all project changes, and complete the project within the project constraints regardless of any challenges. To manage projects more effectively, a fresh approach in project management is required. A project manager must understand the implications of changes and must manage these changes in such a way that all the project objectives are obtained within the time, budget and quality constraints.

 

Over and above the cost, time and risk consequences, changes can also affect stakeholder relationships and team morale.

 

The uncertainties associated with change are often the result of iterative cycles or further changes due to unanticipated side-effects of the current change during the construction process. It is thus imperative to understand change, the types of changes, its impact on the project, and how to analyse, manage and control it.

 

Change could also result in rework. Construction is the physical manifestation of a design, and thus rework usually entails the demolition or modification of work already constructed. For this reason, rework is perceived to have a greater impact on construction performance than change.

 

When project managers are under time or resource constraints, they would rather avoid rework by modifying the design and specifications. In the case study under review, the value spent on changes is more than double the amount spent on rework. It is thus clear that change may have a greater impact on the works than rework.

 

Source: http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1021-192016000400003

 

QUESTION ONE

 

  • With regards to the case study, analyse the relationship between cost of risk and risk management.
  • In your opinion, discuss the significance of quality assurance in relation to risk management.

 

QUESTION TWO

 

  • With regards to the case study, evaluate the process of motor vehicle risk management in a construction Business.
  • In your opinion, describe the various types of deductibles which could be included in risk management.

 

QUESTION THREE

 

  • Analyse the implications of machinery breakdown in relation to risk management.
  • Evaluate the use of Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) studies in risk management.

 

QUESTION FOUR

 

  • Differentiate between Estimated Maximum Loss and Normal Loss Expectancy in relation to business risk management.
  • Discuss the engineering and human (personal) approaches to loss prevention

 

Assignment 2

 

QUESTIONS ONE AND TWO ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING CASE STUDY:

 

Hazard and Operability Studies

 

A Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study is a structured and systematic examination of a planned or existing process or operation in order to identify and evaluate problems that may represent risks to personnel or equipment, or prevent efficient operation. The HAZOP technique was initially developed to analyse chemical process systems, but has later been extended to other types of systems and also to complex operations and to software systems.

 

A HAZOP is a qualitative technique based on guide-words and is carried out by a multi- disciplinary team (HAZOP team) during a set of meetings. The HAZOP study should preferably be carried out as early in the design phase as possible – to have influence on the design.

 

On the other hand; to carry out a HAZOP we need a rather complete design. As a compromise, the HAZOP is usually carried out as a final check when the detailed design has been completed. A HAZOP study may also be conducted on an existing facility to identify modifications that should be implemented to reduce risk and operability problems.

 

HAZOP studies may also be used more extensively, including:

 

  • At the initial concept stage when design drawings are available;
  • When the final piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&ID) are available;
  • During construction and installation to ensure that recommendations are implemented;
  • During commissioning; and
  • During operation to ensure that plant emergency and operating procedures are regularly reviewed and updated as required.

 

Source: https://www.ntnu.edu/documents/624876/1277591044/chapt09-hazop.pdf/9e85796d-dc7f-41f8-9f04-9e13a4ce3893

 

QUESTION ONE

 

  • With reference to the case study, analyse the use of Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) studies in risk management.
  • Provide your opinion on the relationship between quality assurance and risk management.

 

QUESTION TWO

 

  • With reference to the case study, analyse the use of Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) studies in risk management.
  • Provide your opinion on the relationship between quality assurance and risk management.

 

QUESTION TWO

 

  • With regards to the case study, evaluate the use of Maximum Foreseeable Loss in risk management.
  • What in your opinion is the significance of operability problems in business.

 

QUESTION THREE

 

  • Distinguish between the human and engineering approaches to loss prevention.
  • Describe risk retention as a risk management tool.

 

QUESTION FOUR

 

  • Analyse the various risk-financing mechanisms available to businesses.
  • Describe the relationship between risk probability, risk impact and risk exposure.

 

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